Mia Patel
When planning what to grow in a chicken run, it's essential to choose plants that are both beneficial to the chickens and resilient enough to withstand their scratching and pecking. Herbs like oregano, thyme, and mint not only provide natural pest control and health benefits for the birds but also thrive in the conditions of a run. Leafy greens such as kale, Swiss chard, and lettuce are excellent choices as they offer fresh forage and are quick to regrow after being nibbled. Additionally, ground cover plants like clover and alfalfa can help prevent soil erosion and provide a nutritious snack for the chickens. Avoid toxic plants like azaleas, nightshade, and foxglove, and consider using raised beds or protective barriers to ensure the plants have a chance to flourish alongside your feathered friends.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Shade Providers | Sunflowers, Grapes, Apples, Pears, Plums, Cherry Trees, Willow Trees, Poplar Trees |
| Dust Bathing Plants | Sand, Wood Ash, Diatomaceous Earth, Herbs (e.g., Lavender, Mint, Chamomile) |
| Edible Plants | Kale, Swiss Chard, Lettuce, Spinach, Cabbage, Broccoli, Carrots, Beets, Radishes, Peas, Beans, Squash, Pumpkins, Cucumbers, Tomatoes, Strawberries, Blueberries, Raspberries, Blackberries |
| Pest Repellent Plants | Marigolds, Nasturtiums, Tansy, Wormwood, Borage, Catnip, Lemon Balm, Mint, Rosemary, Thyme, Sage |
| Soil Erosion Control | Clover, Alfalfa, Vetch, Ryegrass, Fescue, Ground Cover (e.g., Creeping Thyme, Creeping Jenny) |
| Nutritional Supplements | Mealworms, Black Soldier Fly Larvae, Dried River Shrimp, Calcium Sources (e.g., Crushed Eggshells, Oyster Shells, Limestone Chips) |
| Foraging Enrichment | Hanging Cabbages, Pumpkin Treat Balls, Herb Spirals, Edible Flower Beds (e.g., Nasturtiums, Violets, Pansies) |
| Low-Maintenance Plants | Perennial Herbs (e.g., Oregano, Thyme, Sage), Berry Bushes, Fruit Trees, Native Wildflowers |
| Seasonal Considerations | Cool-Season Crops (e.g., Kale, Spinach, Peas) for Fall/Winter, Warm-Season Crops (e.g., Tomatoes, Squash, Beans) for Spring/Summer |
| Chicken-Safe Plants | Ensure all plants are non-toxic to chickens (avoid plants like Azaleas, Daffodils, Foxglove, Nightshade, Rhubarb leaves) |
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What You'll Learn
- Leafy Greens: Grow kale, lettuce, and spinach for chickens to peck and eat freely
- Herbs: Plant oregano, thyme, and mint to aid digestion and repel pests
- Root Vegetables: Carrots, beets, and radishes provide nutrients and ground enrichment
- Berries: Strawberries, blueberries, and raspberries offer treats and natural foraging opportunities
- Grains: Wheat, oats, and barley can be grown for supplemental feed and scratching
Leafy Greens: Grow kale, lettuce, and spinach for chickens to peck and eat freely
Chickens are natural foragers, and providing them with a variety of leafy greens in their run not only enriches their diet but also keeps them entertained and healthy. Kale, lettuce, and spinach are excellent choices due to their nutritional benefits and ease of growth. These greens are packed with vitamins A, C, and K, as well as essential minerals like calcium and iron, which support feather health, egg production, and overall vitality in chickens. By planting these crops directly in the run, you create a living buffet that chickens can peck at freely, mimicking their natural behavior of scratching and foraging.
When planning your leafy green garden, consider the hardiness and growth habits of each plant. Kale, for instance, thrives in cooler temperatures and can withstand light frosts, making it ideal for fall and early spring planting. Lettuce grows quickly and prefers partial shade, so placing it in a less sunny corner of the run can prevent bolting. Spinach, another cool-season crop, can be sown in early spring or late summer for continuous harvest. To ensure a steady supply, practice succession planting by sowing seeds every two weeks. This method guarantees that fresh greens are always available for your flock.
While chickens will eagerly consume these greens, it’s important to manage their access to prevent overgrazing. One practical approach is to use raised beds or containers with chicken wire barriers to protect young plants until they’re established. Once the greens reach a height of 6–8 inches, remove the barriers and let the chickens graze. Monitor their consumption to ensure they don’t strip the plants entirely; leaving at least one-third of the foliage intact allows the plants to regrow. Additionally, rotate planting areas seasonally to prevent soil depletion and give the ground time to recover.
Incorporating leafy greens into the chicken run also has environmental benefits. These plants act as natural ground cover, reducing erosion and improving soil health through their root systems. Their broad leaves provide shade for chickens during hot weather, creating a more comfortable environment. For added convenience, interplant herbs like parsley or cilantro, which chickens also enjoy and can help deter pests. This symbiotic approach not only benefits the chickens but also maximizes the utility of the space.
Finally, growing kale, lettuce, and spinach in the chicken run is a cost-effective way to supplement commercial feed. While these greens should not replace a balanced diet, they offer a nutritious and engaging addition. Chickens will instinctively self-regulate their intake, so there’s no need to worry about overfeeding. By observing their preferences, you can tailor future plantings to their tastes. This simple yet impactful practice transforms the run into a productive, thriving ecosystem where both plants and chickens flourish.
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Herbs: Plant oregano, thyme, and mint to aid digestion and repel pests
Chickens, like all animals, benefit from a varied diet that supports their health and well-being. Incorporating herbs such as oregano, thyme, and mint into their environment serves a dual purpose: these plants not only aid in digestion but also act as natural pest repellents. Oregano, rich in antioxidants and essential oils, can be scattered in small amounts (about 1-2 tablespoons per bird weekly) into their feed to promote gut health and boost immunity. Thyme, with its antimicrobial properties, can be hung in bunches around the run to deter mites and other parasites, while also being safe for chickens to peck at occasionally. Mint, known for its cooling effect, can be planted in pots or directly in the soil, providing a refreshing treat that helps soothe the digestive system and repel flies.
When planting these herbs, consider their growth habits and the chickens' behavior. Oregano and thyme are hardy perennials that thrive in well-drained soil and full sun, making them ideal for raised beds or borders within the run. Mint, however, is invasive and should be contained in pots or buried containers to prevent it from overtaking other plants. Ensure the herbs are accessible but not trampled—chickens are curious and will explore their surroundings, so place the plants where they can nibble without damaging the roots. Regular pruning not only encourages bushier growth but also provides fresh cuttings to refresh the run’s pest-repelling properties.
The benefits of these herbs extend beyond the chickens themselves. For example, thyme’s strong scent masks the smell of the coop, reducing the attraction of pests like rodents and flies. Mint’s volatile oils are particularly effective against mosquitoes, making it a valuable addition during warmer months. Oregano’s carvacrol and thymol compounds have been shown to improve feed efficiency and reduce the need for synthetic additives in poultry diets. By integrating these herbs, you create a healthier, more balanced environment that supports both the chickens’ physical health and their natural behaviors.
A practical tip for maximizing the herbs’ benefits is to rotate their use seasonally. In spring, focus on planting young oregano and thyme to establish strong root systems. By summer, mint can be introduced to combat increased pest activity. In fall, harvest and dry excess herbs to use in winter feed or as bedding additives, providing ongoing digestive support and pest control. This cyclical approach ensures a continuous supply of fresh herbs while minimizing waste and effort. With thoughtful planning, these herbs become more than just plants—they’re essential tools in maintaining a thriving, sustainable chicken run.
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Root Vegetables: Carrots, beets, and radishes provide nutrients and ground enrichment
Root vegetables like carrots, beets, and radishes are not just nutritious for chickens but also serve as natural tools for soil improvement. These crops penetrate compacted earth, aerating the ground as they grow. Their deep roots break up hardpan, making it easier for water and nutrients to reach other plants in the chicken run. This dual benefit—feeding your flock while enhancing the soil—makes them an ideal choice for any poultry keeper looking to maximize space and resources.
When planting carrots, opt for shorter, stubbier varieties like 'Short ’n Sweet' or 'Danvers' to ensure they mature within the confined space of a chicken run. Beets, particularly the fast-growing 'Boltardy' type, can be sown in succession every three weeks to provide a steady supply of greens and roots. Radishes, the quickest of the trio, mature in as little as 20 days, making them perfect for intercropping. Planting these vegetables in raised beds or containers within the run protects them from overzealous scratching while still allowing chickens to benefit from the foliage and occasional root treat.
Incorporating these root vegetables into the chicken run also supports a healthier flock. Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, which boosts egg yolk color and immune function. Beets provide fiber and antioxidants, aiding digestion and overall vitality. Radishes, with their peppery greens, offer vitamins A and C, essential for feather health and disease resistance. Feeding chickens the greens and occasional roots of these plants can reduce feed costs while diversifying their diet.
However, caution is necessary. Overfeeding root vegetables, especially beets, can cause loose droppings due to their high sugar content. Limit treats to small handfuls daily, and always introduce new foods gradually. Additionally, ensure the soil in the chicken run is free from contaminants like lead, as root vegetables can absorb toxins. Testing soil before planting is a prudent step, particularly in urban areas.
In conclusion, carrots, beets, and radishes are more than just crops—they’re a strategic addition to any chicken run. By improving soil structure, providing essential nutrients, and offering dual-purpose benefits, these root vegetables create a sustainable, productive environment for both plants and poultry. With thoughtful planning and moderation, they transform the run into a thriving ecosystem where every element works in harmony.
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Berries: Strawberries, blueberries, and raspberries offer treats and natural foraging opportunities
Berries like strawberries, blueberries, and raspberries are not just a delight for humans; they can transform a chicken run into a dynamic, edible landscape. These plants offer a dual benefit: they provide chickens with natural foraging opportunities, which enrich their diet and behavior, while also yielding fresh fruit for the grower. Strawberries, with their low-growing habit, create a ground cover that chickens can peck at without damaging the plants. Blueberries, though requiring acidic soil, can be grown in containers placed within the run, offering both foliage and fruit. Raspberries, with their thorny canes, serve as a natural barrier and a treat, though they should be planted in a way that prevents over-foraging.
To integrate berries into a chicken run, consider the layout and soil conditions. Strawberries thrive in well-drained soil and full sun, making them ideal for raised beds or edges where chickens can access them easily. Blueberries demand a pH between 4.5 and 5.5, so test the soil or use pots with specialized mix. Raspberries, being more robust, can be planted along fences or trellises, where their thorns deter chickens from over-harvesting while still allowing access to ripe fruit. Mulching around these plants helps retain moisture and protects roots from curious scratching.
One practical tip is to start with young plants or runners rather than seeds, as they establish faster and provide immediate benefits. For strawberries, use a matting system where runners spread naturally, creating a dense cover. Blueberries benefit from being planted in groups of at least two for cross-pollination, ensuring a better fruit yield. Raspberries should be pruned annually to encourage new growth and higher yields. Ensure the plants are well-watered, especially during fruiting, as chickens may peck at ripe berries, leaving damaged fruit if they dry out.
While berries offer numerous advantages, there are considerations. Chickens may overindulge in ripe fruit, leading to digestive issues if consumed in excess. Monitor their intake and provide a balanced diet alongside foraging opportunities. Additionally, protect young plants from overzealous scratching by using temporary barriers or chicken wire until they establish. Finally, rotate planting areas annually to prevent soil depletion and pest buildup, ensuring long-term productivity.
Incorporating berries into a chicken run not only enhances the environment but also fosters a symbiotic relationship. Chickens benefit from natural foraging, which reduces boredom and promotes healthier behavior, while growers enjoy a sustainable source of fruit. With thoughtful planning and maintenance, strawberries, blueberries, and raspberries can thrive in this shared space, creating a productive and engaging habitat for both birds and humans.
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Grains: Wheat, oats, and barley can be grown for supplemental feed and scratching
Growing grains like wheat, oats, and barley in a chicken run offers a dual benefit: they provide supplemental feed and serve as natural scratching material. Chickens instinctively scratch the ground to forage for food, and these grains encourage this behavior while also offering nutritional value. Planting these crops directly in the run or in adjacent raised beds ensures that your flock has access to fresh, healthy snacks while keeping them entertained and engaged.
To start, choose a grain based on your climate and soil type. Wheat thrives in well-drained soil and cooler temperatures, making it ideal for spring or fall planting. Oats are more forgiving and can grow in poorer soil, while barley prefers moist conditions and is a good choice for wetter climates. Sow seeds in rows or patches, spacing them 6–8 inches apart to allow for growth. Once sprouted, the young shoots and seeds become accessible to chickens, providing a steady supply of fresh greens and grains.
While grains are a valuable addition to a chicken’s diet, they should not replace their primary feed. Offer them as a supplement, making up no more than 10–15% of their daily intake. For example, a small flock of 5–6 chickens might consume 1–2 cups of grains per week. Monitor their consumption to avoid overfeeding, as excessive grain can lead to obesity or nutritional imbalances. Always ensure they have access to a balanced layer feed as their main diet.
One practical tip is to plant grains in rotation to provide a continuous supply. For instance, plant wheat in early spring, followed by oats in late spring, and barley in summer. This staggered approach ensures that there’s always something growing for your chickens to peck at. Additionally, consider intercropping with legumes like clover or alfalfa, which fix nitrogen in the soil and provide extra protein for your flock.
Finally, grains serve as an excellent scratching medium, helping chickens maintain healthy claws and reducing boredom. As they scratch through the soil and plants, they naturally aerate the ground, which can improve soil health over time. However, be mindful of over-scratching, as chickens can uproot young plants. Use protective barriers or plant in deeper raised beds to strike a balance between accessibility and preservation. With careful planning, grains can transform your chicken run into a productive, enriching space for your flock.
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Frequently asked questions
Plants like sunflowers, nasturtiums, and comfrey are excellent choices. Sunflowers provide tall shade, nasturtiums offer ground cover, and comfrey creates a dense, protective barrier.
Yes, vegetables like kale, Swiss chard, and lettuce are safe and nutritious for chickens. Just ensure they don’t overgraze by planting enough for both you and your flock.
Avoid plants like azaleas, nightshade, foxglove, and rhubarb leaves, as they are toxic to chickens. Stick to chicken-safe options like herbs, grasses, and leafy greens.
Use raised beds, fencing, or chicken wire to protect plants. Alternatively, plant in containers or designate a separate area for gardening to keep chickens from damaging the roots.
