Emily Carter
Chickens can fall prey to various predators, including foxes, birds of prey, neighbourhood cats and dogs, and even snakes. To protect them, you can build a predator-proof chicken run, which is a fenced area attached to a chicken coop. This will give your chickens an enclosed space to roam freely while feeling safe. Here are some steps to build one: First, assess the space where you plan to build the run, considering the size of your flock and the space each chicken needs. Next, choose high-quality, pressure-treated wood for the frame to ensure the structure's integrity and resilience. Construct a solid frame that can support the other elements of the structure. Then, attach welded wire fencing to the fence posts, using staples and a hammer. Bury the fencing a few inches into the ground to prevent predators from digging their way in. Finally, regularly inspect and clean the chicken run to maintain its integrity and your chickens' health.
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What You'll Learn
Trench and fence
A chicken run is a predator-proof fenced area attached to a chicken coop, where chickens can roam freely outdoors while being safe from predators. To build a trench and fence for a predator-proof chicken run, follow these steps:
First, determine the size and location of your chicken run. It is recommended to allow a minimum of 10 square feet of outdoor run space per chicken. Use a tractor or any other suitable tool to scrape a trench around the perimeter of the run. The trench should be deep enough for the fencing to sink into the ground by a few inches, typically 8 to 12 inches, and curved outward to deter digging predators. You can also fill the trench with rocks or stones as an alternative to deter predators that dig.
Next, mark off 8-foot lengths and start digging holes for the fence posts. 8 feet is a standard board length, minimizing the need for cutting. Place the fence posts in the holes, and pour concrete mix and water before refilling with dirt. Use a level to ensure the posts are straight, and space them equidistantly, typically 6 to 8 feet apart. Attach scrap wood to support the posts until the concrete sets, and run rope across the tops of the posts to ensure they are level.
Once the concrete has set, screw boards across the top of the posts for added stability. Then, attach the fencing to the fence posts. For the bottom three feet of the run, use 1/2" welded wire fencing to prevent smaller predators from entering. For the top half, you can use 1" welded wire fencing, which is a more cost-effective option. However, using 1/2" welded wire fencing throughout the run provides the most predator-proof option. Attach the fencing tightly to the posts using staples (U-shaped nails) and a hammer, securing the mesh every 6 inches.
Additionally, you can screw 2-by-4s or 2-by-6s across the midpoint of the fencing and along the bottom to further secure it. Ensure that the wire fencing is also attached to the chicken coop itself. Cover the top of the run to protect against climbing and aerial predators. A pergola-style roof or a tight mesh covering can provide protection while allowing some sunlight to come through.
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Overhead protection
Firstly, decide on the material for the roof. While welded wire or hardware cloth can be used without a roof, it is important to note that loose mesh or netting should be avoided. Instead, opt for sturdy materials like galvanised steel mesh or wood. If you choose to go with welded wire or hardware cloth, bury it at least six to twelve inches below the surface to prevent predators from digging their way in.
If you prefer a solid roof, ensure that it is constructed with high-quality, pressure-treated wood to withstand the elements and deter persistent predators. The size of the timber should be proportional to the size of the run; for a standard-sized run, 2x4-inch timber strikes a good balance between strength and weight.
For added protection, consider attaching wire or mesh to the sides of your run, extending a foot or two outward and underground, to prevent predators from digging or climbing in. This can be done by burying fence posts and attaching the wire or mesh securely.
Stretching taunt monofilament fishing line over the top of the chicken run is another effective measure to protect against birds of prey like hawks, owls, and eagles.
Regular inspections and maintenance of your chicken run are essential to ensure the continued safety of your flock. Keep an eye out for any signs of damage or wear and tear, and make prompt repairs to maintain the integrity of the predator-proofing.
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Coop design
When constructing the frame, careful planning and execution are necessary. The framework supports every other element of the structure, so it needs to be robust enough to withstand the elements and deter predators. Creating a solid frame starts with selecting the appropriate timber and ensuring it is securely fastened together.
The chicken run should have overhead protection, ideally a roof to shield the chickens from the sun, rain, and snow. If you choose to forego the roof, welded wire, or hardware cloth, should be used for predator-proofing. Avoid loose mesh material or netting, as birds of prey can still scare the chickens through the mesh.
To protect against digging predators, you can bury fence posts and hardware cloth 6 to 12 inches below the surface. Additionally, you can line the buried portion with rocks or thick gravel to discourage diggers. Another option is to dry pour 2 inches of concrete to create a floor that is easier to clean and keeps predators out.
For the fencing, use either 1/2" or 1" welded wire fencing to keep out both small and large predators. Attach the fencing to the posts with construction staples, securing it tightly every 6 inches. Make sure the wire is also attached to the chicken coop itself.
Finally, consider adding features like raised bed planters attached to the coop to deter diggers and utilize garden space. Regularly inspect your chicken run for any damage and make prompt repairs to maintain its integrity.
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Materials
Building a predator-proof chicken run requires a careful selection of materials to ensure the safety and wellbeing of your chickens. Here is a list of materials you can use to create a secure and functional space for your feathered friends:
Fencing and Wire Mesh
- Welded Wire Fencing: Use welded wire fencing with a gauge of either 1/2" or 1" to create a secure barrier. The smaller gauge is more effective against smaller predators but may be more costly.
- Chicken Wire: While chicken wire is not predator-proof, it can be used as a second layer of defence or to prevent chickens from scratching up the grass. Ensure it is attached securely to fence posts using staples or U-shaped nails.
- Hardware Cloth: This is a type of galvanised wire mesh grid with small openings. It is an effective barrier against digging predators and can be buried several inches below the surface.
- Galvanised Steel Mesh: For optimal protection, consider using 13mm galvanised steel mesh. It offers a good balance between visibility, airflow, and protection. The zinc coating also resists rust and corrosion.
Structural Components
- Fence Posts: Use sturdy fence posts, such as 4x4 posts, to support the fencing and provide a solid framework. Treat the posts with a quick-setting compound like Quikrete and secure them with concrete to ensure stability.
- Wooden Boards: 2x4 boards and 2x2 boards can be used for framing and securing the structure. Opt for pressure-treated wood to resist decay and insect infestations.
- Roofing: A roof is essential for protecting your chickens from birds of prey and the elements. Consider using welded wire or hardware cloth for overhead protection, avoiding loose mesh or netting.
- Trench: Dig a trench around the perimeter of the run to sink the fencing a few inches below the ground, deterring digging predators. You can also line the trench with rocks or gravel to reinforce it.
Remember, the specific materials you choose may vary depending on your location, the size of your flock, and the types of predators in your area. Always aim for high-quality, sturdy materials to ensure the safety and longevity of your chicken run.
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Maintenance
Once your chicken run is built, there are a few things you should do to maintain its effectiveness in keeping your chickens safe. Firstly, it is important to inspect the run regularly for any signs of damage or weakness. Check the fencing and wire mesh for any holes, tears, or loose sections, and repair or replace them as needed. Pay particular attention to the bottom of the fence, as predators can dig underneath it. Consider burying the fencing a few inches deeper and adding a digging barrier of hardware cloth or wire mesh to prevent predators from tunneling their way in.
Keep the area around the chicken run clear of debris and potential hiding spots for predators. Trim back any branches or foliage that could provide cover for predators or allow them easy access to the run. Regularly clean and maintain the chicken run to remove any food scraps or waste that could attract pests and predators. Avoid leaving food in the run, as it can attract unwanted visitors. If food must be left out, use a treadle feeder, which conceals the food and reduces its visibility and scent trail.
Be mindful of the types of predators in your area and adapt your maintenance and security measures accordingly. For example, if you have hawks or owls in the vicinity, ensure the run is adequately covered from above. If you have bears or large cats, consider installing an electric fence or investing in a livestock protection dog. Remember, the safety of your chickens is paramount, so always be vigilant and proactive in your maintenance and security efforts.
In addition to maintaining the physical structure of the run, it is also important to consider the well-being of your chickens. Ensure they have enough space to move around and engage in natural behaviours, such as scratching and pecking. Provide them with enrichment activities, such as perches, nesting boxes, and dust bathing areas, to keep them mentally and physically stimulated. Regularly clean and disinfect the run to prevent the spread of diseases and parasites. Finally, consider adding flock guardian animals, such as geese, llamas, or certain breeds of dogs, to provide an extra layer of protection for your chickens.
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Frequently asked questions
You will need high-quality, pressure-treated wood, 13mm galvanised steel mesh, welded wire fencing (1/2" and 1"), chicken wire, staples (U-shaped nails), plywood, wood screws, hinges, and spring-loaded eyehooks.
First, you need to assess the space and consider the size of your flock and how much space each chicken will need. Then, you can start constructing a solid frame using the pressure-treated wood. After that, attach the welded wire fencing to the fence posts using staples and a hammer. Bury the fencing a few inches into the ground and curve it outwards to prevent predators from digging.
To prevent predators from digging under the fence, you can bury fence posts and hardware cloth six to twelve inches below the surface. You can also line the trench with rocks or thick gravel to discourage diggers. Additionally, you can use a "'predator apron,' which is a piece of hardware cloth that curves outward and is buried in the ground to stop predators from digging.
